The most commonly built polyphase transformer in the United States has a 480 volt three phase delta primary and a 208/120 volt three phase, four wire, wye secondary. If permitted by local codes and allowed by the authority having jurisdiction, it is generally acceptable to reverse feed (or back-feed) a transformer.
Yes, you can use the transformer in reverse, but note that the ratio is usually adjusted up by 5-10% to allow for the voltage loss under rated load due to winding resistance. When you use it in reverse, that will result in a lower output voltage than expected.
Once you know which two wires have the voltage for the tap you want, simply connect one power wire to the wire on our transformer with the voltage tap you want, and the other power wire to the wire on our transformer labeled “Comm”. It doesnt matter which phase goes to which wire.
In general, distribution transformers can be reverse connected without de-rating the nameplates KVA capacity. However, this is rarely considered in modern applications due to NEC code changes.
Transformers are bidirectional devices, transformers dont know nor care which way power flows through them. Transformer can pass real power from primary to secondary while simultaneously passing reactive power from secondary to primary. Transformers are bidirectional.
When a transformer is reverse fed, the taps move to the output side and so their operation is reversed. For reverse fed applications, raising the taps will increase output voltage and lowering the taps will lower output voltage.
Input Connections - The input side of a transformer is called the primary side because the main electrical power to be changed is connected at this point. Output Connections - The output side or secondary side of the transformer is where the electrical power is sent to the load.
When the potential of primary terminal H1 “goes positive” and the secondary terminal on the right also goes positive, current flow is in on the H1 terminal and out on the secondary terminal on the right.
Recognize that the black wire is the positive one, the white wire is the negative one, and the green wire is the ground.
Position the transformer between the three-phase source and the three-phase load. Locate the three input wires on the three-phase source. Each wire represents one phase. Connect the three input wires from the source to the three input terminals on the primary, or delta, side of the transformer.
1:153:37Wiring 480/240V to 240/120V on Epoxy Resin - YouTubeYouTube
On the one hand, if the primary winding of a transformer is more resistive than the rest of the equivalent circuit (the power sources internal resistance and any connecting wires), most of the voltage drop would be across the transformer, but on the other hand, if the resistance of the primary winding was lower than
In the case of HVAC/R systems, the power source is a low-voltage transformer (usually a 24 VAC transformer) and the two wires supplying the power are labeled C (common) and R. For systems that do not have access to the C wire, a battery in the thermostat compartment must be used.
9:0326:17What They Are, How They Work, How Electricians Size Them - YouTubeYouTube
To calculate the secondary conductor size:Determine the primary to secondary voltage ratio: 480V ÷ 120V = 4.Multiply the primary OCPD size by 1/3: 5 × 1/3 = 1.67.Multiply the two values together: 4 × 1.67 = 6.67A.Look in the 60°C, Table 310.16 for the smallest conductor with an ampacity larger than 6.67A.